BioWare's bisexual conundrum in the Dragon Age and Mass Effect series

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Wednesday, May 18, 2011
EDITOR'S NOTEfrom Rob Savillo

Developers still struggle to adequately address identity politics as the audience for games increases in size, which only means that making a strong statement that speaks to a broader range of ill-served players is more important than ever before. But Allen argues that one of the industry's most popular storytellers has already acquiesced to the status quo.

For one reason or another, the people who play BioWare titles love their in-game romances. In fact, I imagine a LovePlus spin-off featuring Garrus, Anders, and Zevran would make a tidy sum. But with these affairs come controversy.

Much hay has been made of the fact that Mass Effect’s Commander Shepard is straight, and despite fan mods that might suggest the contrary, up until now BioWare has been unapologetic in their stance that Shepard is canonically straight and will only pursue love interests of the opposite gender. Dragon Age: Origins shared a similar problem in that the two most-popular characters, Alistair and Morrigan, were canonically straight, disappointing gay and lesbian gamers who may have wanted to pursue those relationships.

A hacked game allowing for a lesbian relationship in Mass Effect 2
 

Dragon Age 2 solves this problem in a rather direct manner by making all the companions in the game seemingly bisexual. That way, no matter the main character's gender or preferred sexual orientation, he or she would be able to enter a relationship with any companion of his or her choosing.

VorpalBunny from GayGamer posted a rather in depth review of the romance options and the representation of sexuality, and I don’t want to repeat his points. Instead, I wanted to take a brief look at the negative response that Dragon Age 2’s romances have received from both straight and gay gamers.

Ben Kuchara of Ars Technica sums up the story, explaining that a straight gamer was offended by the fact that male companions would suddenly hit on him without any encouragement on his part while a gay gamer found it offensive that the male companions were shallowly depicted as stereotypically sex-crazed and needy.

It’s at this point where it becomes clear that what BioWare and David Gaider, BioWare's lead writer for the Dragon Age series, felt was a fair compromise led to a different set of problems they may not have considered.

 

It’s true that by allowing main characters of either gender to pursue a romance with all of the companions solves the problem found in Dragon Age: Origins. But the unintended consequence of that compromise is that sexuality is suddenly rendered invisible by the game, which adds a wrinkle to the gender and sexual politics presented therein.

It’s been argued that the ambivalence toward the politics of sexual identity points to a fictional world that simply has a different view on sexuality. Maybe Thedas is a society where identity politics are much more progressive than the ones found in our world -- even if transgendered characters were treated very poorly in Dragon Age: Origins. And perhaps if you ignore the fact that the nobility of Thedas has a decidedly heterosexual impulse, where women must produce heirs in order to continue the family line and cement alliances, you might be able to come to that conclusion.

But that hand-wavy explanation absolves any responsibility that Gaider and his fellow writers might have had as the designers of this world. By trying to make everyone happy, in a way they have made no one happy. The writers can’t win by making the main character straight, and they can’t win by making the main character bisexual...but the elephant in the room is that the writers at BioWare have yet to design a game where the main character is gay. 

VorpalBunny’s article states that Gaider sees economics as the reason why gay characters have yet to be featured in a BioWare game. But this didn’t stop them from including the option to play female characters. If you look at the box art for Mass Effect 2 and Dragon Age 2, it’s very clear that they are pushing the image of the strong warrior male and all that that implies: These games are for men who want to play as men and enact violence on aliens or demons.

But, as we all know, you can play as a woman in these games. In fact, many gamers do choose to play female characters, even if the marketing wizards would have you believe that only men need apply. So why not let players set their sexuality in the same way that they are allowed to set their gender (as Obsidian allows you to do in Fallout: New Vegas)? Why not write strong homosexual characters who are designed to be homosexual from the moment they are conceived? Certainly, this doesn’t have to run counter to the marketing message that is being pushed on the cover and in the pre-release game trailers.

If all BioWare wants to do is shoehorn a shallow dating sim into their RPGs, then maybe it is fine that their romances are designed to appeal to gamers in much the same way that Harlequin novels appeal to their readers.

It was recently announced that Mass Effect 3 would include same-sex romance options. Whether the depictions of these characters and relationships become just another checkmark on the "inclusiveness" list or there will actually be gay or lesbian characters remains to be seen, but their handling of the issue in Dragon Age 2 leaves me doubtful.

In their attempt to try to please everyone, the writers and designers of Dragon Age 2 created characters who were generalized and empty. At that point, players are not trying to develop meaningful relationships with specific individuals -- instead, it becomes fetishizing specific traits that reduces them to a series of bodice-ripping tropes cynically designed to appeal to gamers. 

I'd like to think that the writers at BioWare want to do more than just pander to their fanbase. I want to believe that by allowing for female, gay, and lesbian characters, they are trying to introduce and complicate the issues surrounding gender and sexuality to a predominantly male, heterosexual audience. I hope my faith in them has not been misplaced.

 
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Comments (8)
Mikeminotti-biopic
May 18, 2011

Great article. I really wish Bioware would just get rid of the romancing stuff sometimes. This aspect of their games largely dominates most of the coverage and discussions for their releases, despite really being a small part of the experience at large.

Christian_profile_pic
May 18, 2011

Great piece! Personally, I think this is a relatively new issue for gaming as a medium, and we're just figuring it out. I think BioWare is doing a great job of that, and I certainly think that they're well-intentioned and sincere in their pursuit of sexual identity, gender politics, etc. in games. Whatever missteps we're seeing, I'd argue, are just the learning process at work.

I don't think the route that they took with DA2 is just waving the issue away. It's not just Thedas that is ambivalent towards sexual identity; there are, and have been, many cultures in our own world that had the same attitude. The game is already dealing with identity issues, oppression, social norms and tension, etc. through the mage/templar conflict, racial tension, social tension, cultural identity -- it already has a lot of heady topics to deal with -- too many, I'd argue, as the games fail to really explore any of them thoroughly. I also wouldn't argue that every character in DA2 is bisexual, again, because those labels don't apply to that society.

I agree that, as a medium, we need some good, strong characters whose sexual identity is a significant part of their lives, but I don't think it necessarily needs a place in Dragon Age. You can call it hand-waving or worldbuilding -- I'm going with the latter.

I agree tht it would be nice if Mass Effect gives us that, and the addition of same-sex romances doesn't just boild down to pandering.

But, I agree with Mike. I'm sick of game romances. Better they just go away and these subjects can manifest just as a result of strong character development.

Comic061111
May 18, 2011

I'm not sure I entirely agree with the post, as a person is not defined by their sexuality.  "Whether the depictions of these characters and relationships become just another checkmark on the "inclusiveness" list or there will actually be gay or lesbian characters remains to be seen, but their handling of the issue in Dragon Age 2 leaves me doubtful."   If the character participates in same sex relations, are they not gay unless their character revolves around this fact? Or is it simply that you're looking for characters who are exclusively gay?  I liked the way Dragon Age 2 solved the issue by having the characters open to whatever you wanted them to be open to.

Comic061111
May 18, 2011

That is of course unless you fancied Aveline, in which she wasn't open to any romance no matter how much you threw at her.  She just wasn't into you.

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May 18, 2011

I will say this--if Mass Effect 3's treatment of same-sex relationships ultimately means that every character is, in effect, bisexual, it creates a disconnect and reminds you that gaming relationships are little more than checklists. Why not just have viable gay and/or lesbian characters?

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May 18, 2011

First, thanks for reading!

I do agree that video game romances are still mostly corny and end up being wish-fulfillment fantasies in some part.  We laugh at the guy who married his copy of Love Plus in a real wedding ceremony, but that's not really that far off from how some people treat some of their favourite BioWare characters.  For better or worse, I doubt these romances are going away any time soon.

Regarding Dewan's comment, the problem comes from the meta-textual issues that arise with gameplay.  VorpalBunny raises the issue in his article as well - maybe in that specific playthrough of the game, Anders (or any character) is gay.  But as a player, you know if you start a game as a female character, Anders is straight.  The fact that you, as an external reader to the text, know that the characters have been written to essentially fall in love with the main character regardless of their gender is what ends up being problematic... to both gay and straight gamers alike.

It's also certainly difficult to apply "our" social standards to a fictional world, but it's also important to remember that these fictional words are created and exist in the context of our world.  They speak our languages, they share our histories, and they share our social codes.  As such, Thedas (and Westboro and any other fantasy/science fiction universe) are, if even subconsciously, allegorical depictions of Earth.

Comic061111
May 18, 2011

 "The fact that you, as an external reader to the text, know that the characters have been written to essentially fall in love with the main character regardless of their gender is what ends up being problematic... to both gay and straight gamers alike."

I guess I don't have a problem with this, though I am one who would play the game multiple times as different characters just to see how the dialogue changes.  For me, if I choose to romance a character it has more to do with roleplaying and if that character fits well with the one I'm playing at the moment- this is limited by the npc's sexuality usually.  I can also never escape the fact that all characters that fall in love with the main character are written to do just that- their gender or the gender of my character never really makes much difference to that.

Default_picture
May 19, 2011

That's certainly fair enough.  It's possible to play a game without considering its extrinsic factors, especially those of its production, but I think it's important to remember how and why things happen in these games - especially if the emphasis is placed on storytelling.  By trying to include more options, they are presumably trying to be more inclusive... the question then becomes, how effective are they at being inclusive and whether or not they are successful.

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