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Tristan does a great job summarizing the Hitman: Absolution controversy and its implications for gaming culture. Have games journalists failed to hold IO Interactive accountable for this marketing campaign? What do you think?
Trigger warning: rape, violence against women.
If you have eyes, ears, and an internet connection, I've no doubt that you've seen the controversial trailer for Hitman: Absolution. There's also a solid chance you've read something of the video game rape culture that this two-and-a-half minutes of facepalm fuel has brought to the forefront.
To be clear, I am under no illusions: A video game rape culture exists, and I continue to see it first hand. Violence against women is normalized, sexualized in some cases, and there's evidence to suggest that women are subject to "a continuum of threatened violence" in the medium (quoted in McEwan, 2009).
Further to that, despite all of the articulate voices that have acknowledged or otherwise engaged with this topic, I'm confident that my fellow straight males can rest safe in the knowledge that our dominance of discourse regarding video games will remain unthreatened.
The many arms of privilege
What makes me so sure? Firstly, there's this piece by Tom Chick defending the tentacle rape card game, Tentacle Bento. If you haven't heard of the game, feel free to watch this promotional video that still makes me feel ill.
Mr Chick's arguments can be summed up as follows:
- The concept of tentacle rape is pure fantasy and can therefore not possibly be harmful to anyone or be linked to "the terrible criminal violation of women."
- Tentacle rape doesn't stir his loins in any way, so therefore, the fantasy concept would only appeal to a select few people.
- Having a readily-available, visual representation of something vile doesn't mean that society condones it.
- If Tentacle Bento trivializes rape, then other video games trivialize other horrible happenings such as murder, war, and road rage. Action to ban Tentacle Bento would in turn lead us down the slippery slope of censoring any games that allow socially-unacceptable behavior.
Mr. Chick fails to acknowledge his privileged status, and I think that cheapens his argument as a result. As a straight male, there is little here that would cause great offense: All of the game's sexual violence is perpetrated against women characters, and there is nothing to challenge his sexuality or make him overly uncomfortable.
Tentacle Bento is designed solely for the male gaze; you can even have your wife or girlfriend feature in the game if you pledge enough money toward the game's development. If you're a straight male and not troubled by the game's fantasy concept, there's little chance that you'd give the matter a second thought, and I'm sure that Mr. Chick's words have given solace to those involved in getting Tentacle Bento off the ground.
Mr Chick's article is a response to efforts by Insert Credit's Brandon Sheffield and Kotaku's Luke Plunkett to have the game banned from crowd-sourcing website, Kickstarter. At the very least, I'll agree that Plunkett's effort is little more than a tip of a cap, but Sheffield hit the nail on the head with the following:
Tentacle Bento’s Kickstarter success is the product of a society that doesn’t take sexual assault against women seriously enough. It shows that enough people think it’s "not a big deal." The argument comparing a game about rape to games about violence is limited by the fact that murder is almost universally penalized in our culture, meaning there is a clear line between fantasy and reality there. With rape and molestation, that line is not so clearly drawn, and it results in "cute" games like Tentacle Bento.
Even in games like Saints Row -- that Chick uses as an example in his retort -- murder may be trivialized, but there are repercussions for the act (no matter how inconsequential or how easy they may be to avoid). Going on my limited knowledge of Tentacle Bento, it seems that there are mechanisms to stop players from molesting women, yet there's no consequence for the act...save for the possibility that you may not have abducted as many young women as your competitors.
Now let us have a moment of silence for the poor bastard that couldn't rape as many women as the man sitting next to him. The shame that poor bugger must have felt...it must've been unbearable.
However, even with the Kickstarter campaign thwarted, Chick is still able to proudly assert that the naysayers lost the war: Soda Pop Miniatures was able to manage fundraising from their own website, and the game will see release. There've been no cries of condemnation after the fact...just misguided declarations that art (made by people in Chick's position of privilege) has won out over censorship.
The shame of survival
If you missed Patricia Hernandez's deeply moving article regarding her experience with rape culture in the context of Gears of War multiplayer, can I please strongly suggest you stop what you're doing and read it now?
In my position of privilege, I previously saw the actions described by the author as nothing more than puerile, frat-boy humor. Yes, it was frustrating to be subjected to mock humping and teabagging in a few rounds of Execution, but what did I care? It was just some guys letting off some steam. Worst-case scenario, I could quit and cop a small penalty. I've never experienced anything on par with the personal anguish that Hernandez disclosed in such visceral detail, so it's pretty easy for me to dismiss such hijinks.
For someone who's survived such violation, this behavior becomes something much more powerful and potentially traumatic. Not only can I vouch for the observation that using a woman character's skin paints a target on your forehead, but worse still, her account made me identify the language that I use when describing defeat in competitive environments:
"Those dudes raped me!"
"I got my ass handed to me."
"They had their way with me!"
Such sexualized language is normalized in the context of competitive online gaming. For my part, I'm going to make a conscious effort to cut out this type of banter and instead point out the obvious: My opponents won because of skill, strategy, or luck. Possibly a combination of all three, depending on the situation and how highly I think of myself at the time.
Hitmen don't speak
So, that trailer I've assumed that you've seen: What of it, straight-male privilege and video game rape culture?
Rather than regurgitate or otherwise repurpose the observations and opinion of Brendan Keogh (via his blog, Critical Damage), Kotaku Australia's Mark Serrels, and CVG's Sarah Ditum, I thought I'd explore that of other outlets. What I saw constituted an unwillingness to engage with this troubling topic at best and a straight-up denial at worst.
- The Verge: The trailer is given lip service via a brief blurb.
- Kill Screen: Michael Thomsen wrote a counter argument to Keogh's post that can be summed up by the following quote: "It is possible to depict an act in art without endorsing it." That sounds a little familiar, doesn't it?
- Penny Arcade: Unsurprisingly, the team behind the infamous web comic are very dismissive in their assessment of the trailer for IO Interactive's latest effort. Let's not forget that Mike Krahulik and Jerry Holkins have been embroiled in video game rape-culture controversy with the Dickwolves scandal last year. I won't describe their coverage much further, as there's someone (specifically, Foz Meadows) who's already done so in a fashion far more eloquent than I could hope to emulate. Long story short, Krahulik takes a similar approach to that which Tom Chick did with Tentacle Bento, dismissing the trailer as pure fantasy that is sexually unappealing to him, thus undoing any arguments regarding hyper-sexualization and rape culture.
- Penny Arcade Report: Senior Editor, Ben Kuchera, hasn't yet published anything about the trailer to the website, but he has spoken of it via Twitter. Kuchera asserts that most video game blogs run content that is offensive to women, so he "can't work up any outrage" or otherwise engage with the trailer. He did, however, include Kill Screen's counter-argument to Keogh's piece in "The Cut": a page within the Penny Arcade Report site that aims to filter out the best games writing on the web.
- Gamespot, 1UP, and Giant Bomb: Readers are asked to verify their age to view the trailer; otherwise, nothing to report.
- IGN: Apart from this opinion piece from Keza MacDonald (which was ridiculously hard to find using the site's search engine), I found the painfully funny juxtaposition of the website's most popular videos -- this changes often, but it averages two game trailers and as many as five separate videos of revealing cosplay and lingerie shoots -- with a quote: "The latest Hitman: Absolution trailer pairs gratuitous violence with sexualised imagery to create the most troubling piece of marketing material I think I’ve ever seen."
- Destructoid: I was sincerely hoping that Jim Sterling would unleash his wrath on the trailer, but instead he turns to the site's readership for their reaction.
Despite cries of protest, it's pretty clear that hyper-sexualized action, violence against women, and games writing will continue to co-exist in the short term at the very least. The majority of outlets have either refused to engage with the trailer or the rape culture that it represents.
How do you want me to think?
I can't force you to assume my point of view, but I think the lack of formal engagement with the trailer for Hitman: Absolution represents a failure by the majority of games journalists to hold IO Interactive to account for a marketing campaign that is in poor taste. Forget the "Are games art?" debate and the potential impact such rubbish has on the medium's reputation, and forget that the action depicted in the trailer isn't practical using the awkward stealth mechanics I associate with the series. This advertisement is just plain offensive. I don't think it should be banned, but games and gamers deserve better than this.
What did you think of the trailer for Hitman: Absolution? Is the reaction (or lack thereof) justified?
